Hydraulic press



R. J. HESS ETAL mrmmuuc PRESS Feb. 7 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 13, 1943 INVENTOR.

$65267. (i Qfrank 6. @lje/, W

Feb 7 1950 RJ. HESS ETAL.

HYDRAULIC PRESS Filed Sept. 13, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 g INVENTOR.

fag/w cfiss, Wank G. (996k Feb, 7 1950 R. J. HESS ETAL 2,497,044

HYDRAULIC PRESS Filed Sept. 15, 1945 s Sheets-Sheet 5 J O W 5@ V5 IN VEN TOR.

Patented Feb. 7, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HYDRAULIC PRESS Belza J. Hess and Frank G. Cizek, Chicago, 111.,

assignors to American Steel Foundries, Chicago, 111., a corporation of New Jersey Application September 13, 1943, Serial No. 502,124

Claims.

Our invention relates to presses and more particularly to a hydraulic slugging press for compressing material into a slug for manufacturing use.

An object of our invention is to provide a novel mechanism for opening and closing the cover of the forming or material cylinder in which the slug is formed. Our novel mechanism comprehends a link pivoted to the main ram cylinder of the device and to the cover, and a novel cover actuating cylinder device is also pivoted to said link for actuating the same, whereby said cover is urged to open and closed position.

A further object of our invention is to provide link stops on the forming cylinder for adjustable engagement with the link to stop the piston stroke of the cover actuating cylinder device. Another object of our invention is to provide means for stopping the link with its center line beyond the center line of the connection between the cover and the link in the direction away from the cover actuating cylinder device, whereby no compressive loads are transmitted to said device during formation of the slug within the material cylinder.

Still another object of our invention is to provide means for transmission of loads directly from the cover to the link without transmitting such loads to the pivot means interconnecting the cover and link.

A different object of our invention is the provision of novel hydraulic means for adjusting or controlling the stroke of the main ram or piston and for positioning the same at an initial predetermined point in the material cylinder, thus predetermining the amount of material which may be inserted in said material cylinder preparatory to a slugging operation of the press.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the upper portion of our novel press illustrating the material cylinder cover and the actuating means associated therewith.

Figure 2 is a front view partially in section an partially inelevation of the structure shown in Figural, and Figure 3 is a fragmentary top plan view thereof.

Figure 4 is a side elevation partially in section illustrating the lower end of our novel press including the novel hydraulic means for controlling the stroke of the main press ram.

Describing our invention in detail and referring. first to Figures 1 to 3 inclusive, our novel press comprises a frame member generally designated 2 and having intermediate-its. upper and lower extremities a support web 4 adapted to support the press upon a foundation fragmentarily indicated at 6 (Figure 2). At opposite sides thereof the frame member 2 is provided with spaced jaws or brackets 8 and I8 affording pivotal connection by means of pins l2 and M respectively with spaced arms I 6 and E8 of the cover link generally designated 20, said cover link including a crosspiece 22 extending between the arms I6 and I8 and pivoted thereto adjacent the upper extremities thereof by means of trunnions 25, 25.. The crosspiece 22 comprises a projecting lug or arm 23 pivotally connected at 24 with the piston rod 26 of the cover actuating cylinder device generally designated 28, said device being pivotally mounted at 39 (Figure 1) from a bracket 32 formed or welded on the frame member 2.

A forming or material cylinder 34 is secured to the member 2 .by means of tension rods or bolts 36, 36 in shouldered engagement at 38 and 49 With the cylinder 34 and the frame member 2, respectively; and a cover 42 is pivoted at 44 to the cylinder 34., It will be understood that shims may be utilized at 38, 38 to adjust the height of the forming cylinder thus creating any desired initial tension between the forming cylinder and the cover 42 as the latter is urged to closed position.

The cover 42 is pivotally connected by means of a pin 46 to a lug 48 on the crosspiece 22 0f the link 20, said lug having-a semi-cylindrical surface in thrust engagement at 5?] (Figure 2) with a complementary bushing or shoe 5! secured in the top of the cover 42. It will be understood that the connection of the pin 46 to the lug 48 is sufiiciently loose, sothat thrust loads are transmitted from the cover 42 directly to the lug 48 as at 53 during operation of the press as hereinafter described. This feature is believed to be of considerable significance inasmuch as the loads built up against the cover 42 during operation of the press areof such magnitude that they could not be transferred to the link by means of the pin 46 without increasing the size thereof to an impractical extent.

The expansion stroke of the device 28 is stopped by means of adjustable link stops or bolts 52, 52 mounted on the material cylinder 34 for engagement at- 54, as best seen in Figure 1, with the link arms 15 and l8. The bolts 52, 52 are threaded through lugs 56, 56 formed on the material cylinder 34, and these bolts are preferably adjusted by means of their threaded connections so that they will engage the arms Iii and i8 when the longitudinal center lineX (Figural) of the link 3 is slightly beyond the vertical center line Y through the connection at 46, in a direction away from the cylinder device 28.

It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that by means of this arrangement loads on the cover 42 during operation of the press are transmitted to the link 20 in such mannor that the latter is rotated about its pivot means l2 and I4 in a direction away from the cover actuating device 28. Thus the crosspiece 22 tends to rotate in a counter-clockwise direction (Figure 1) about its trunnions 25, 25, whereby the device 28 is placed under tension but is not subjected to compressive forces during operation of the press.

The distance between X and Y as illustrated also affords a slight amount of lost motion as the cylinder device withdraws the cover to open position, and it will be understood that this lost motion is of considerable significance in facilitating this movement of the cover to open position.

Integrally formed within the member 2 is a main ram cylinder 58, within which the main ram or piston 60 is reciprocal by means of hydraulic fluid, such as oil, supplied to the cylinder 58 through ports (not shown). The head 62 of the ram 60 is thus reciprocated within the liner 64, secured in any convenient manner within the material cylinder 34, to compress into a slug therewithin the associated material which is inserted into the top of the material cylinder 34 as hereinafter described.

Our invention comprises novel hydraulic means for adjustably controlling the stroke of the ram 60. To achieve this control, an auxiliary cylinder 66 (Figure 4) is mounted by spaced bolts 68, 58 on the lower end or head 12 of the main ram cylinder 58, and an auxiliary ram 10 is reciprocal within the auxiliary cylinder 66, the upper end of said ram 79 extending through the head 12 of the main ram cylinder 58 for engagement at 14 with the lower end of the main ram 60. Pressure fluid, such as oil, is supplied to the auxiliary cylinder 66 by means of a supply pipe 16 equipped with a suitable shut-off valve 18.

It may be noted that suitable packing means 89 is provided to prevent escape of actuating fluid from the upper end of the main cylinder 58, and,

likewise, suitable packing means 82 is provided to prevent escape of the actuating fluid from the lower end of the main cylinder 58. Suitable packing means 84 is also provided to prevent escape of actuating fluid from the upper end of the auxiliary cylinder 65.

In operating our novel press, the cover 42 and the link 20 are withdrawn to open position by means of the cylinder device 28 as illustrated in dot and dash lines in Figure 1. Fluid is then admitted to the auxiliary cylinder 66 through the valve 18 and the pipe I6 until the main ram 60 is moved upwardly by the auxiliary ram '10 to a predetermined initial position within the material cylinder 34, thus pre'determining the amount of material which may be inserted or poured into the top of the material cylinder. The lowest initial position of the main ram 60 is illustrated in solid lines in Figure 2, and the highest possible initial position is illustrated in dot and dash lines in said figure.

When the main ram 6|! has assumed the tie sired position within the press cylinder 34, the valve 18 is closed. The material to be compressed is then inserted or pouredi'nto thetop of the material cylinder 34, and thereafter,- by means of the cylinder device 28, the cover is urged to closed position as illustrated in solid lines in Figures 1 to 3, with the link arms l6 and i8 engaging the stops 52, 52. Pressure fluid is then admitted to the main ram cylinder to urge the main ram upwardly, thus compressing the material within the material cylinder 34.

As will be apparent, any suitable means may be provided, if desired, to evacuate air from the forming or material cylinder, prior to the compressing operation; however such means is no part of the present invention and is therefore not illustrated.

It will be understood, as above described, that during this compressing operation, loads built up against the cover 42 are transmitted to the lug 48 of the crosspiece 22 of the link 20, and from the arms [6 and I8 of said link to the stops 52, 52, and to the pivot pins l2 and I4, no compressive loads being transmitted to the piston rod 26. After the material within the material cylinder 34 has been compressed to the desired compactness, the main ram 60 is moved downwardly by means of actuating fluid in the main ram cylinder 58 to release the pressure against the slug and the cover 42, and thereafter the cover is opened and the slug is ejected from the upper end of the press cylinder by the ram '60. The main ram 60 is then urged 'to its lowest and predetermined position against the upper end of the auxiliary ram 10, and the press is ready for another cycle.

Pressure on the main ram 60 as it is urged to closed position never exceeds the pressure on the auxiliary ram 10, as will be readily understood.

It is to be understood that we do not wish to be limited by the exact embodiment of the device shown which is merely by way of illustration and not limitation as various and other forms of the device will, of course, be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

we claim:

1. In a press, a press frame, a material cylinder supported by said frame, a ram, means for reciprocating said ram within said cylinder, a link having spaced arms at opposite sides of said cylinder, means pivoting said arms to fixed portions of said frame, a cover pivoted to said cy1- inder for opening and closing the same, pivotal connection between a portion of said link and said cover, a power cylinder device operatively connected at opposite ends thereof to said link and to a fixed portion of said frame, and stop means on said frame for engagement with said arms, the longitudinal center line of said link, when said arms are engaged with said stop means, being disposed beyond the center line of the connection between said link and said cover in the direction away from said device, complementary abutting semi-cylindrical thrust transmitting surfaces on said link and said cover, the pivotal connection between said link and said cover being sufliciently loose so that loads on said cover are transmitted therefrom to said link along said surfaces.

2. In a press, a frame, a material cylinder open at both ends thereof and supported by said frame, a cover for closing one end of said cylinder, means reciprocated within said cylinder for compressing associated material therewithin, and actuating means for said cover comprising a link pivotally connected thereto and to said frame, said link and said cover having abutting thrust surfaces, the pivotal connection between said cover and said link being sufficiently loose to permit the transmission of forces from said cover to said link by means of said surfaces.

3. In a press, a frame, a material cylinder open at both ends thereof and supported by said frame, a cover for closing one end of said cylinder, a pivot pin pivotally connecting said cover to said cylinder, a ram reciprocal within the opposite end of said cylinder, actuating means for said cover comprising a link pivoted thereto and connected to said frame, and means for transmitting forces directly from said cover to said link independentabutting surfaces on said cover and said link.

4. A press of the class described comprising a frame, a material cylinder supported thereby, means for compressing material within said cylinder, a cover member hinged to said cylinder and adapted to close the same, a toggle mechanism comprising pivotally interconnected link members, one of said link members having a pivotal connection to the cover member, and the other of said link members having a pivotal connection to said frame, a power cylinder device supported by said frame and directly connected to one of said members for urging said cover member to the closed position thereof, said cover member and mechanism being so constructed and flanism comprising pivotally interconnected links,

- one of said links having a pivotal connection to said cover and the other of said links having a I pivotal connection to said frame, a power cylinder device operatively connected to said mechanism 1 for opening and closing said cover, said cover and f said mechanism being so constructed and arranged that in the locked position of said mechanism whereat said cover is in the closed position 1y of said pin, comprising complementary arcuate thereof, sai m ch ni i y nd the dead enter thereof in the direction away from said device,

and an abutment surface on said frame independent of said pivotal connections and engageable with said mechanism in the locked position thereof whereby compressive forces on said cover during compression of said material thereagainst are transmitted through said mechanism to said surface thereby substantially eliminating transmission of such forces to said device.

arranged that in the closed position of said cover member, said other member is disposed a substantial distance beyond the dead center of said mechanism in the direction away from said device, and an abutment intermediate said pivotal connections fixed to said frame and engageable with said other member in the closed position of said cover for transmitting forces on said other member to said frame independently of said device when said cover member is in the closed position thereof.

5. A press of the class described comprising a frame, a material cylinder supported thereby, a cover hinged to said cylinder for closing one end RELZA J. HESS. FRANK G. CIZEK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,327,710 Hemstreet Jan. 13, 1920 1,700,363 Barrett et a1 Jan. 29, 1929 1,822,939 Stout Sept. 15, 1931 1,896,564 Simon Feb. 7, 1933 1,976,740 McChesney Oct. 16, 1934 1,976,833 Brundage Oct. 16, 1934 2,118,098 Merenda May 24, 1938 2,239,882 Davis Apr. 29, 1941 2,279,540 Voth et a1 Apr. 14, 1942 2,328,071 Jaeckel Aug. 31, 1943 

